Nowadays, responsible breeding is no longer based solely on physical pedigree, but on the certainty offered by a DNA test for dog breeders. In this article, we will explore how to identify the genetic predisposition to diseases in dogs before they appear and how to expertly manage inbreeding in dogs.
The invisible danger: The value of detecting "healthy carriers"
Most common hereditary diseases in dogs follow a recessive inheritance pattern. This means that a dog can be a "carrier": it has one copy of the mutated gene, but does not manifest any symptoms of the disease.
The problem arises when, out of ignorance, we cross two carriers. In this mating, there is a 25% chance that each puppy will be born affected by the disease. This is where the Koko Genetics DNA test for dogs becomes valuable: it allows these carriers to be detected and matings with "clear" specimens to be planned, reducing the probability of the disease manifesting in the offspring. It is important to remember that this test provides information on genetic predisposition and should not be considered a definitive clinical diagnosis.
Inbreeding in dogs: Friend or foe of the breed?
Inbreeding in dogs has been a historical tool to fix desired traits, such as structure or working ability. However, an excess of biological kinship leads to serious inbreeding problems in dogs.
Signs of inbreeding in dogs to watch out for
When kinship levels are too high, we start to see what is scientifically called "inbreeding depression". Some of the signs of inbreeding in dogs include:
- Decreased litter sizes.
- Fertility problems.
- Weakened immune systems.
- Appearance of malformations or rare genetic diseases.
This phenomenon is especially relevant in the inbreeding of hunting dogs, where the isolation of certain bloodlines to maintain specific instincts can dangerously reduce genetic diversity.
How much inbreeding is acceptable in dogs?
One of the most frequently asked questions in our community is: how much inbreeding is acceptable in dogs?
Traditionally, pedigree tables were used, but these are only theoretical estimates. Modern genetics allows us to measure the actual Coefficient of Inbreeding (COI) based on DNA, not on paper.
- Under 10%: This is considered a low and healthy level of inbreeding.
- Between 10% and 25%: Moderate levels that require careful mate selection.
- Over 25%: This is considered a high risk for the appearance of hereditary dog diseases and other systemic failures.
Koko Genetics' technology as an ally
At Koko Genetics, we offer tools specifically designed to facilitate the work of dog breeders. Our reports not only analyse the genetic predisposition to the most critical dog diseases for each breed.
By carrying out a DNA test for dog breeders, you transform uncertainty into a data-driven breeding strategy. It is not about excluding all carriers from breeding (which would drastically reduce genetic diversity), but about knowing who to mate them with to reduce the risk of disease.
Avoiding inbreeding problems in dogs and recessive pathologies is an ethical responsibility. Science has given us the key to eradicate unnecessary suffering in our favourite breeds.
